APLIKASI BIOCHAR DARI BERBAGAI BIOMASSA DALAM MENJAGA KEBERLANJUTAN LINGKUNGAN
Keywords:
biochar, biomassa, sustainability, soil amendment, carbon sequestration, environmental preservationAbstract
Biochar has emerged as a promising sustainable material with significant potential in environmental preservation and soil improvement. This review examines the application of biochar derived from various biomass sources in maintaining environmental sustainability. The paper synthesizes recent findings on biochar production from agricultural waste materials such as teak leaves, corn residues, rice straw, sawdust, and sugarcane biomass. The physicochemical properties of biochar are influenced by both feedstock composition and pyrolysis temperature, with variations in density (0.49–0.56 g/cm³), moisture content (1.11–4.18%), ash content (20.38–34.24%), and volatile matter (66.82–79.88%). This review highlights the multifaceted applications of biochar including soil amendment, carbon sequestration, heavy metal remediation, and renewable energy production. The utilization of agricultural waste biomass for biochar production addresses two critical environmental challenges simultaneously: waste management and greenhouse gas mitigation. Integration of biochar as a soil amendment demonstrates improved water retention capacity, enhanced nutrient availability, and increased microbial activity in soils. Furthermore, the addition of binders such as clay enhances the mechanical durability of carbonized biopellets, expanding their applicability as sustainable biofuel. The evidence presented in this review
demonstrates that biochar application represents a viable and environmentally sound strategy for sustainable development, circular economy promotion, and climate change mitigation
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